臺灣地區海運承攬運送業經營複合運送之合作風險分析

Analyzing Cooperation Risk of Multi-modal Shipments for Ocean Freight Forwarders in Taiwan

本文主要目的係乃應用層級分析法探討海運承攬運送業者經營複合運送所可能面臨之合作風險。首先，經由文獻探討與專家訪談，本文擬定三大構面與十三項適用於本文研究主題之評估準則。其次，透過專家問卷實證調查結果顯示，「夥伴關係風險」最為重要。就評估準則而言，前七項最重視的合作風險分別為「夥伴的投機行為」、「夥伴不積極履行義務」、「夥伴缺乏溝通與價值分享」、「國外代理對通關規定不熟識」、「報關行缺乏關務專業知識」、「夥伴缺乏資訊交流」、「無法掌握即時貨況訊息」等因素。最後，本文針對上述七項較重要之合作風險因素提出改善之建議。

The main purpose of this paper is to apply the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method to analyze the cooperation risk of multi-model shipments for ocean freight forwarders in Taiwan. At first, combining the historical literature and experts' interview, a list with three criteria and thirteen sub-criteria for this study is constructed. Subsequently, we use the AHP questionnaires to collect experts and scholars' opinions. The results show that the partnership relationship risk is the most important dimension. The top seven key cooperation risks of multi-model shipments are partner's opportunistic behavior, inactively to perform the obligation, lacking for communication and value-shared, unfamiliar with the customs clearance, lacking for professional knowledge of the custom affairs, lacking for information interchange, and slowly to grasp the cargo situation. Finally, some concluding remarks of these top seven criteria are made.