嵇康的心性觀——真樸之性與無措心境

Ji Kang's Concpet of Mind and Nature –Genuine Nature and Realm of Carefree

本文探討嵇康之心性觀，指出：一、嵇康所說之「性」，是群生原初真樸的本性。從氣性的角度來說，性是原初稟賦的和氣；從自然本能的角度來說，性是不由計慮的欲望。性雖是本然的真樸稟賦，但是經由智巧的介入，現實中群生可能已經背離此一本性。嵇康要求回歸真性，故性也具有正面價值標準之意義。二、嵇康所說之「心」、「神」概念互通。心乃是能行修養工夫之主體，修養目標在於擺落智、欲，到達寂寞、恬澹之「和」境，此一修養亦可用「神氣」之導養來說明。心、神之修養，還必須到達「無措」的無心忘境。唯有達到無心之境，才能完成真樸本性的回歸。

This article explores Ji Kang's concpet of mind and nature as follows: 1.Nature(Xing), raised by Ji Kang, is the genuine origin of all beings. From the perspective of qi, it means naturally endowed harmony; while from the perspective of instinct, it means primitive desires. Although for Ji Kang, Nature (Xing) is genuine endowment, through the influence of intelligence, the nature of all beings can be departed from Nature (Xing). Ji Kang's demand a returning to Nature presents the positive meaning of Xing. 2.The concept of Mind for Ji Kang is similar with it of Spirit. Mind is the subject of cultivating with its goal to deprive intelligence and desires, and to achieve the realm of harmony. Only through reaching the realm of no mind or carefree, the returning to Nature could be considered fulfilled.