2013年刑事法發展回顧：酒駕與肇逃之立法與實務判決

Developments in the Law in 2013: Criminal Law

道路交通運輸管道，乃現代社會中，人們從事日常生活、工作、旅行等社會活動或經濟活動不可或缺的機制。隨著動力交通工具數量的暴增，車禍事故案件頻傳，民眾對於切身之交通安全議題日漸重視，尤其是酒後駕車釀成事故，每每成為輿論媒體報導的焦點，也是人們嚴厲譴責的對象，因此交通安全相關的法律修正，成為近年來熱門的刑法議題。2013年6月，立法院修正了刑法第185條之3醉態駕駛罪，以及刑法第185條之4的肇事逃逸罪，即是因應民意要求而修。修法的重點有二，其一是提高醉態駕駛罪與肇事逃逸罪的刑罰；其二，則是將醉態駕駛罪的成立要件加以修正，大幅度擴大對醉態駕駛行為的處罰，只要酒後吐氣所含酒精濃度達每公升0.25毫克（0.25MG∕L），即成立醉態駕駛罪。本文將針對2013年6月有關交通犯罪之修法情形進行評論，評論的重點，就醉態駕駛罪部分，焦點放在修法後之犯罪構成要件的正當性與妥適性；就肇事逃逸罪，則側重相關之學說爭辯與近年來實務見解走向進行分析與研究。

Road transport is an indispensable mechanism for people in modern society to engage in social or economic activities in daily life, work, and travel. With the surge of the amount of motor transport, the frequency of car accidents has been increasing and general public have attached increasing attention to their own traffic safety issues. Drunk driving particularly has become the focus of press reports, as well as the behavior severely reprimanded by people. Therefore, the amendments to applicable laws of traffic safety have become popular criminal law issues in recent years. In June 2013, Legislative Yuan amended Article 185-3 drunk driving offense of Criminal Code of the Republic of China and Article 185-4 hit and run offense of Criminal Code of the Republic of China in compliance with public opinions. The amendments included two focuses. One is to increase the penalties for drunk driving offense and hit and run offense, while the other is to revise the prerequisites for drunk driving offense to significantly increase the penalties for drunk driving behavior. The person's breath alcohol content is of 0.25 milligrams per liter or more shall be sentenced for drunk drinking offense. This study investigates the amendments to traffic offenses in June 2013, and analyzes and probes into relevant theories and practical insights.