「中學生考試壓力因應量表」之編製與應用

The Development and Application of Coping with Examination Stress Scale for High School Students

個體在面對不同的壓力情境時，會引發個體使用不同的因應策略，然而過去研究多以一般壓力因應量表來測量個體對不同壓力情境的因應方式，並未針對情境特定下之壓力因應策略的使用作深入探討。本研究旨在編製一份壓力情境特定的「中學生考試壓力因應量表」，以供相關研究與教學實務使用。本量表包括問題焦點因應、情緒焦點因應及逃避因應等三個分量表，一共17題。本研究蒐集臺灣地區國三學生之預試與正式樣本共1，699名為研究對象，研究發現三個分量表的內部一致性信度分別為.90、.79、.83，具有良好的信度。效度方面，本研究採取探索性與驗證性因素分析檢視其考試壓力因應的概念結構，結果各題目測量之因素符合理論，顯示本量表的理論架構可得到實徵性資料支持，具有適當的構念效度。

Individuals may use different coping strategies to cope with different stressful situations. However， previous studies mostly assess the use of coping strategies in stressful situations without focusing on a specific stressful situation through the use of general stress coping measures. Thus， this study aims to develop a situation specific， test stress coping scale for related research and education applications. This scale is comprised 17 items in three subscales: problem-focused coping， emotion-focused coping， and avoidance coping. A total of 1，699 Taiwanese ninth grade junior high school students were included. The results revealed that the coefficients of internal consistency reliability and stability were .90， .79， and .83， respectively， indicating reasonable reliability. As for validity， exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis showed that each item conformed to our theoretical structure， demonstrating acceptable construct validity. Also， the criterion-related validity seems to be good when taking the grades as the criterion.