「學前兒童社會行為量表」編製之研究

The Development of Social Behavior Rating Scales for Preschool Children

本研究旨在編製可評量2～5 歲幼兒的正向行為、外向問題行為，以及內向問題行為之「學前兒童社會行為量表」。量表共64題，包括人際互動、團體規範、獨立自主、破壞攻擊、過動分心、焦慮悲觀，以及退縮害羞等七個向度。以臺北縣市幼兒園所的幼兒為樣本，檢測本量表之信效度，研究結果為：(1)效度：本量表的因素模式適配情形大致良好；量表內部呈中高度相關；不同年齡、性別幼兒在量表得分上有顯著差異；發展遲緩幼兒比一般幼兒表現較少正向行為、較多問題行為；至於效標關聯效度，本量表得分與「幼兒氣質量表」、「親職壓力量表」得分有顯著相關；(2)信度：本量表的內部一致性係數介於.85～.95；教師評量者信度介於.62～.79；重測信度介於.74～.92。依據研究結果，研究者針對本量表的使用提出相關之建議。

The purposes of the study were to develop the Social Behavior Rating Scales form Preschool Children (SBRS) with ages ranged from 2 to 5 years old. Total of 652 children were selected as the sample of this study， including 573 children with typical development， and 79 children with developmental delays or suspected ones， from kindergartens in Taipei County. The SBRS contains 64 items for assessing social interaction， following rules， independence， aggressive， hyperactive/attention problems， anxiety， andsocial withdrawal in three subscales of Social Skills， Externalizing Problems and Internalizing Problems Behaviors based on confirmatory factor analysis. Children with typical development and those who are female or in higher age groups were found to demonstrate more positive social behaviors. The scores of SBRS were significantly associated with child temperament and parental stress. The results also indicated that SBRS has satisfactory internal consistency ( = .85-.95)， inter-rater reliability (r = .62-.79)，and test-retest reliability (r = .74-.92). Implications for the SBRS were discussed and suggestions were provided for future studies.