以概念結合理論為基礎的想像力測驗之編製

Construction of An Imagination Test Based on Theory of Conceptual Combination

本研究擬依據概念結合理論發展一份「概念結合的想像力測驗」，每一個測驗題目由兩個完全不相關的名詞概念組合而成，其中第一個名詞的性質可能是抽象、自然物或人造物；第二個名詞的性質也可能是抽象、自然物或人造物；此3×3的組合各有兩組，共18題。受試者被要求設法想出兩者之間的關聯，並說明其聯想過程或理由。以602位大學生與研究生在此測驗上的反應，透過項目分析後，本測驗試題具有鑑別度，重測信度為.878，折半信度為.745，評分者間信度為.852；以110位設計系學生的設計專題期末成績為效標，其與想像力測驗分數的相關係數為顯著（r = .265），具有預測效度。此外，想像力測驗的分數與TTCT的獨創性有低的正相關，與TTCT 其他的分歧思考能力則無相關，與創造性人格量表間也無相關，顯示此想像力測驗具有區別效度。

The purpose of this study was to develop a test of imagination based on theory of concept combination. The test comprises eighteen items. Each test item is composed of two unrelated nouns. The ontological category of the first noun and the second noun can be either an abstract concept， a natural object， or an artifact. The combination of nouns yielded nine types of noun-noun pairs. There are two items of the same type of nounnoun pairs. For each noun-noun pair， participants were asked to report what emerged intheir mind’s eye when they saw these two nouns connected together. They were also asked to explain the process or reasons for the emergence of their ideas. Data from six hundred and two college and graduate students indicated that the test-retest reliability of the test was 0.878， and the split-half reliability was 0.745. The test scores from imagination test had low but positive correlation with the originality score of TTCT， but no correlation with fluency， flexibility， or elaboration scores of TTCT. The predictive validity of the test was examined with 110 design students’ performance in design projects. It was found that students’ performance in design was correlated with their imagination score (r = .265). Imagination score showed low but positive correlation with originality scores of TTCT， but unrelated to other divergent thinking scores in TTCT， or two measures of creative personality. The results indicated that the imagination test developed in this study is valid and imagination ability is a construct different from creativity.