幼兒距離、時間與速率概念發展之研究

The Development Of Children's Concepts Of Distance, Time and Speed

本研究旨在探討幼兒的距離、時間、速率概念發展以及幼兒理解這三種概念所使用的判斷策略。本研究經由幼稚園中班、大班及國小一、二年級兒童在「幼兒距離、時間、速率概念發展晤談與評量」中的表現，來深入了解幼兒速率概念發展情形，本研究工具具信度考驗。主要的結果：（1）7歲組幼兒理解距離概念顯著優於5歲組，但各年齡組在時間與速率概念的理解上並無顯著差異。（2）不同性別幼兒在三種概念的理解上並無顯著差異。（3）5至8歲組幼兒在三種概念發展順序上皆以時間概念發展最早、速率概念發展最晚。（4）在距離判斷策略部份，7、8歲組較常使用正向關聯策略，5、6歲組較常使用直覺策略。在時間判斷策略部份，四組幼兒傾向使用正/負向關聯策略。在速率判斷策略部份，因難度高致使各年齡組幼兒需選擇由粗糙的策略開始解題。（5）女生組在距離與時間的判斷策略上，使用統合策略的次數顯著多於男生組。

The purposes of this research were to study the development of children's distance , time and speed concepts, to understand the interrelations among these three concepts, and to investigate the judgment strategies children used to comprehend these three concepts. Eighty children(5-,6-,7-,8-year-old) were interviewed on tasks about distance, time and speed concepts. In each task, information from two dimensions was presented simultaneously and children were asked to predict the third dimension. Results showed that (a)7-year-olds were more correct than 5-year-olds on distance concept. No other differences was found on time and speed concepts. (b)no sex differences was found on these three concepts. (c)the sequence of interrelations among these three concepts was time, distance, then speed. (d)7- and 8-year-olds used more sophisticated judgment strategies than 5- and 6-year-olds on these three concepts. (e) grils used more sophisticated judgment strategies (Ⅲ) than boys on distance、 time and speed concepts.