‘Marriage is more than just a piece of paper’: Feminist Critiques of Same Sex Marriage

「婚姻不只是一張紙」：同性婚姻的女性主義批判

本文回顧了歷來女性主義對於同性婚姻的批判，並分析婚姻作為一個社會法律制度，如何和性別、種族、階級不平等產生關聯。首先，本文認為同性婚姻的合法化如何可被視為同性戀者爭取平等與肯認的過程中的正向發展；接著，本文說明在最早承認同性婚姻的國家之一的加拿大，目前與婚姻相關的法律及統計趨勢。本文的核心是以英語研究文獻為基礎，探討國際間女性主義對婚姻及同性婚姻的關鍵性批判，思考為什麼這些批判在同性婚姻的爭論中被忽視，並回顧、檢視同性戀者對於婚姻態度的經驗研究。結論上，本文主張合法婚姻確實提供部分伴侶重要權利，並提出數種有別於將婚姻置於同志爭取平等與肯認的運動核心的另類選擇。

This article reviews feminist critiques of same sex marriage and analyzes how marriage as a socio-legal institution relates to inequality based on factors such as sex, race and class. The article first identifies how the legalization of same sex marriage can be viewed as a positive step in the quest for equality and recognition of lesbians and gay men. It then describes the legal and statistical trends in relation to marriage in Canada, as one of the first countries to legalize same sex marriage. The heart of the article discusses the key feminist critiques of both marriage and same sex marriage, drawing on an international survey of primarily English language literature. It considers why these critiques have been understated in the debates on same sex marriage and reviews empirical studies on the views of lesbians and gay men on marriage. While acknowledging that legal marriage can offer important rights to some couples, the conclusion suggests alternatives to placing marriage at the center of the lesbian and gay movement for equality and recognition.