女性貧民窟的長存：台灣報業組織的女性化   全文下載

Sustaining The Women's Ghetto: Feminization of Newspaper Organizations

本文主要想探究女性在職場上至今仍無法逃脫被邊緣化、矮化、弱勢化的原因。本文以NotT Daily的婦女版為研究個案。透過NotT Daily，特別是婦女版的女性從業者的深度訪談，從這個個案中我們發現，除了傳統的「性別化」操作，這類組織另一方面也透過「女性化」某些單位，來強化性別區隔，讓所謂的「女性貧民窟」得以鞏固，讓組織內部的水平區隔乍看還是以性別作為分界線，然而事實上，勞動組織內水平區隔的性別內涵已和十幾二十年前有所區別。
女性化婦女版乃透過兩個主要手段來完成：孤立化和尋常化。NotTDaily 透過空間和專業實作的孤立化，讓婦女版從原來僅只是概念上的「不重要」，在現實上確切落實成為一個不管是權力、能見度上都微不足道的區塊，使得在婦女版工作的人因為鮮少被高層看見而難以爬升，成為一個沒有發展的死巷單位。它繼而透過尋常化勞動過程的手段，讓婦女版的專業實作和勞動過程跳脫媒體工作的高壓、不確定性，成為一個和一般上班族、求學者有著一樣作息週期的工作場域，讓仍被傳統社會賦予家庭照顧責任的女性新聞工作者（或者有家庭照顧需要的男性），得以比硬性新聞版面的同事有更大兼顧家庭和工作的可能，讓婦女版等軟性新聞副刊版面持續成為「女性的貧民窟」。

This paper aims to explore the reasons why women are still unable to escape from marginalized, belittling and disadvantaged positions at work. Previous studies on gender and women’s employment have acknowledged that the gendered construction of labour has either excluded women from the labour market or restricted them to the middle or bottom of the power structure within work organizations.
Using NotT Daily as an example, I argue that, apart from using the “gendering” process, the organization may at the same time be attempting to feminize some particular units to intensify the gender segregation. In so doing, the organization may still appear to be segregated by gender, but the nature of the horizontal gender segregation is different from what it was before. To explain the differences, we have to employ feminization as an explanatory tool. In other words, to understand the way in which organizations are gendered, we have to examine the processes of both “masculinization” and “feminization”, in order to acknowledge more clearly the difficulties women are confronting in the labour market.
In this article, I suggest that the women’s page was feminized by two means: isolation and normalization. The women’s page was isolated spatially. It was also isolated in terms of professional practices. The isolation reified the unimportance of the women’s page in the sense that the women’s page was a neglected and dead-end sector. The organization then normalized the labour process of the women’s page to render the working routine of the women’s page compatible with most people’s daily routines (particularly schoolchildren), thereby making the women’s page a women’s unit inevitably shunned by ambitious people. And it is the feminization of the women’s page that makes the women’s page a women’s ghetto.