情緒調節在青少年人際依附與心理困擾之中介角色分析研究

Attachment, Emotion Regulation, and Psychological Distress: Examining Mediating Effects among Taiwanese Adolescents

本研究之主要目的在檢驗國中生的情緒調節能力在其人際依附與心理困擾間的中介角色，以2124 名國三學生進行研究。結果發現（1）男生在「依附逃避-母親」、「依附逃避-好友」、「依附焦慮-父親」與「學校生活困擾」上的得分較女生為高；（2）青少年對父親與對母親的依附間呈中度正相關，而對好友的依附與對父母的依附間之相關則較為微弱；（3）與不同對象的依附逃避和依附焦慮和青少年自陳行為困擾、憂鬱情緒間呈顯著正相關；（4）青少年情緒調節能力與自陳行為困擾、憂鬱情緒間呈顯著負相關；（5）對父親與母親的依附焦慮與依附逃避可直接影響自陳心理困擾，亦可透過情緒調節間接影響自陳心理困擾；（6）對好友的依附焦慮可直接亦可透過情緒調節間接影響自陳心理困擾；然而，與預期不同的，好友依附逃避對青少年自陳心理困擾之整體效果未達顯著。本研究結果顯示父母依附和同儕依附與青少年心理困擾間有著不同關聯，依此發現作者提出後續研究以及實務介入上的建議。

The purpose of the current study was to examine the mediating effects of emotion regulation on the attachment-psychological distress link among Taiwanese adolescents. A sample of 2124 9th graders from Kaohsiung City, Taiwan was recruited to participate in the study, and the structural equation modeling technique was applied to analyze the data. Findings were as followings. First, boys scored higher than girls on Attachment Avoidance-Mother, Attachment Avoidance-Best Friend, Attachment Anxiety-Father, and School Life Disturbance. Second, there existed significant moderate correlations between attachment toward mother and attachment toward father. Yet, the correlations between attachment toward the best friend and attachment toward parents were weak. Third, two dimensions of attachment toward three different targets were significantly and positively related to adolescents' self-reported disturbances and depression. Forth, emotion regulation was significantly and negatively associated with disturbances and depression. Fifth, attachment toward parents had not only direct effects on adolescents' distress but also indirect effects on distress through emotion regulation. Finally, attachment anxiety toward the best friend was directly and indirectly related to distress through emotion regulation. However, attachment avoidance toward the best friend had no significant total effect on distress. Based on these findings, suggestions for future research and implications of interventions on improving adolescent mental health were provided.