Multiple-Source R&D Collaboration, Exploration and Exploitation, and Firm Performance

多重研發合作、寄樹探討與開發、以及廠商績效之研究

廠商的創新能力可以透過內部的研發投資與外部的研發合作來累積，本研究試圖探討廠商多重研發合作在不同的創新階段中，對廠商績效之影響。透過問卷調查台灣165家資訊通訊科技廠商，本研究發現，在技術探索階段中，廠商與大學以及同業間的研發合作，或從政府部門取得技術授權，會增加該廠商的創新能力，且接受政府部門的技術移轉可以強化內部研發能耐與創新能力之正向效果。在產品閉發階段中，廠商的外部研發資源對市場績效並無直接效果，但與大學的研發合作、以及接受政府單位的技術移轉，對廠商創新能力與市場績效之正向關係有正向的調節效果，而與同業間的研發合作對此關係有負向之調節效果。

A firm's innovation can be fostered either from the firm's internal research and development (R&D) efforts or from the external collaborative R&D activities. This paper attempts to examine the impact of multiple-source R&D collaborations on firm performance in different stages of the innovation process. The research employed a questionnaire survey of 165 Taiwanese firms in the information and communication technology sector and secondary industrial data were also collected. The results showed that in the technology exploration stage, R&D collaborations with universities and competitors and technology licensing from the government may increase a firm's repertoire of innovation directly, while technology licensing has a positive moderate effect on the relationship between internal innovation capability and repertoire of innovation. In the product exploitation stage, external R&D collaborations do not have a direct impact but rather have an indirect impact on market performance. R&D collaborations with universities as well as acquisition of licensed technologies from the government have a positive moderate effect on the relationship between a firm's repertoire of innovation and market performance whereas collaborations with competitors have a negative moderate effect.