兩岸毛巾進口救濟爭端案政策剖析

本文以台灣毛巾產業為例，嘗試從實務與理論層面，分析兩岸進口救濟案爭端之癥結所在，以供未來相關決策單位參考。首先對於台灣進口救濟案件處理程序與規範做一深入探討，並討論採行救濟措施時之主要考量因素；接著參酌歐美等國之進口救濟（防衛）措施之實務，分析該制度與我國間差異所在；本文另就防衛措施採行之程度進行探討，討論決定採行進口救濟措施時之國家利益考量為何；最後根據分析結果，提出相關政策與實務執行之建議。本文分析顯示：進口救濟制度可提供國內產業有進行產業升級及調整之周轉空間及喘息機會；進口救濟的目的是暫時性協助產業調整，不能變相淪為長期性保護產業的手段；面對台灣加入 WTO 後所帶給國內產業的衝擊時，政府應訂定符合國際協定之貿易救濟制度以為因應。產業界面臨此類挑戰時，除可積極運用貿易救濟防火牆預警機制外，更可採取事前（積極投入國際組織、參加法令宣導…等）與事後（掌握調查階段時效、和解息事寧人…等）之因應措施。

This article took Taiwan Certain Toweling industry as an example, and tried to analyze the trade relief disputes theoretically and practically. Firstly, we discussed the regulation and process of Taiwan trade relief system, and tried to find out the major concerns when deciding the trade relief measures. Secondly, this research compared the difference of trade relief systems among Taiwan, Europe, and America. Thirdly, this article discussed the enforcing degree of the trade relief measures, and determined the decisive factors of that decision-making process. Lastly, we proposed some recommendations according to our analysis results. The conclusions of this research are: the trade relief system could provide time for domestic industries needed to restructure or upgrade itself; the trade relief measures should be enforced temporarily only; in the context of globalization, the Taiwan government draw up trade relief regulations which are in line with international agreements; while facing this kind of challenges, the domestic industries could not only trade to apply for the trade relief measures but also take proactive and reactive actions.