論世代正義

On Intergenerational Justice

世代間的利與不利，要如何分配，始為正義？在當代，「世代正義」已經成為最熱門的焦點之一。本文研究世代正義，而試圖回答三個問題：一、何為「世代正義」？二、為何「世代正義」？三、如何「世代正義」？首先，「什麼是世代正義？」亦即世代正義的概念澄清；其次，「為什麼世代正義？」亦即世代正義的倫理基礎；再其次，「如何世代正義？」如何在制度上保障世代正義？亦即世代正義的制度保障。就第一個問題，本文作者以為：「世代」為在某一特定之時間內曾生存、現生存或將生存之特定年紀的一群人，而「世代正義」就是在追問世代間的利與不利要如何分配始為正義。就第二個問題，本文作者以為：「正義」的核心是平等，而「世代正義」的核心就是世代間生存機會的平等。就第三個問題，先就憲法的是否保障世代正義而言，作者以為：我國憲法無明文，憲法原則中導不出規定，修憲不可能；再就憲法以外如何保障世代正義而言，作者建議：在立法院的委員會中設立未來世代委員會是臺灣目前比較可行的方法。

How should the resources between the generations be distributed in order to be considered just? Today, ”intergenerational justice” has become the most discussed topics in various fields. In the present article, I aim to answer the following key questions: I. What is intergenerational justice? 2. Why is intergenerational justice important? 3. How do we en sure intergenerational justice? First of all, what is intergenerational justice? With this question, I aim to clarify the concept of intergenerational justice. The second question seeks to discuss the ethical foundation of intergenerational justice. Next, I plan to shed light on how intergenerational justice should be ensured in the (social) system. Finally, I will make suggestions about how we can ensure intergenerational justice in the (social) system in Taiwan.