教師憂鬱傾向的影響因素之研究

The Study of Impact Factors on Teachers’ Depression Tendencies

本研究以全國高中職、國中、及國小教師為對象，並以「臺灣憂鬱症量表」為工具，探討教師憂鬱傾向的組成與比較。本研究採分層隨機抽樣方式，共獲得984 位教師的有效樣本，經描述統計、多變量變異數分析與多元逐步迴歸分析，結果發現：(1)有1.84%的中小學教師可能是潛伏的憂鬱症患者；(2)不同社會背景變項對教師「憂鬱傾向」有差異影響；(3)「自覺工作壓力負荷」是教師憂鬱傾向的最重要預測變項；(4)影響教師憂鬱傾向的相關因素，包括性別、年齡、婚姻狀況、教育程度、宗教信仰程度、超時工作時數、自覺工作壓力負荷、工作壓力來源，以及請病假天數等。最後，根據研究結果提出建議，以供實務工作及未來研究參考。

The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the impact factors on depression tendencies of elementary， junior high， and high school teachers via the measure of Taiwan Depression Scale. There were 984 teachers randomly selected from the north， the central， and thesouth of Taiwan. The collected data was analyzed by descriptive statistics， MANOVA， and the stepwise multiple regression. The results showed that: (1) There was 1.84% of teachers might have depression disorder. (2) Different background variables had significantly different impact on teachers’ depression tendency. (3) The perceived workload stress was the major variable for predicting the teachers’ depression tendency. (4) The factors relating to teachers’ depression tendency were: gender， ages， religious belief， marital status， workinghours， workload stress，working pressure， and days of absence due to illness. Finally， suggestions for clinical application and future research were proposed.