Crime Control in China's Pre-trial System: A Political Ideology?

中國審前程式的犯罪控制——一種政治訴求？

中國（中華人民共和國）的審前刑事程式長久以來都以犯罪控制作為根本目的。本篇論文透過研究這種理論的歷史形成來探究其在中國法律文化下的真正含義。文章通過審視一九四九年後各個歷史時期的刑事審前程式的特點，提出中國對於犯罪控制的追求很大程度下是受到政治因素影響。雖然中國在現代對於刑事審前程式的程式規範和合法化做出了不俗的努力，但其真正執行還是頻繁的受到政治目的的干涉。文章最後認為雖然「依法治國」方針理論上可以改革現今的刑事審前程式，但考慮到中國根深蒂固的政治文化，尤其是政治穩定至上的原則，事實上很難從根本上根除執政黨在刑事程式操作中的干涉。

Crime control has long been the primary goal of China’s pre-trial justice system. This paper examines the genuine nature of crime control in the context of Chinese legal culture by reviewing the historical formation of this rationale. The article argues that, by looking at the characteristics of the pre-trial process in the different periods since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the pursuit of crime control in the administration of pre-trial justice in China is under the pressure of political needs. Although the Chinese Communist Party has so far made great efforts to promote China’s pre-trial process in terms of its proceduralism and legalization, the administration of justice at this stage has been continuously influenced by political considerations. The article concludes that although the implementation of rule of law is expected to ideologically revolutionize China’s pre-trial process, the deep-rooted political culture of overriding political stability over everything is unlikely to rule out the Party’s influence on the pre-trial practices.