臺灣鐵道基礎設施的文創轉生

The Cultural-Creative Re-Incarnation of Railway Infrastructure in Taiwan

鐵道是社會變遷的象徵和推動力量，但也隨著社會變遷而轉變。本文關注臺灣鐵道設施轉作文創用途的社會脈絡、空間紋理及其與地方發展的關聯，藉此探討臺灣城市配置的持續移形換位。通過現地觀察及訪談，作者首先描述臺灣鐵路管理局及其設施的特質、營運困境及因應策略。接著，本文集中討論臺鐵局舊有設施的文創轉用，並以臺北、彰化、高雄及臺東為例，分析其轉用脈絡、物質部署、相關爭議及空間效應。作者主張，鐵道雖沾染懷舊色彩而捲入城市競爭的文化策略，但鐵道推動發展的動力並未停歇，只是以文化為媒介而移形換位。然而，面臨鐵道地下化、高架化、捷運化等由進步意象主導的再發展，具有「逆反」特質的文創轉生，卻不見得能夠在求新求變的精神下啟動對於發展的省思。

The railway embodies social vicissitudes and facilitates many changes, but changes also happen to itself as the society is transformed. This paper will be focusing on the social contexts, spatial textures and the trajectories of local development that align with different cultural reuses of old railway facilities, and with it the re-configuration within cities that epitomizes the on-going development. Through on-field observation and interviews, the authors first illuminate the conundrum Taiwan Railways Administration has been facing and the strategies it takes, and will continue to delve into four cases highlighting Taipei, Kaohsiung, Changhua and Taitung respectively. In each of these cases, the contexts that bring out the reuse of railway facilities, the controversies thus generated, the material deployment and the spatial effects of reuse will be discussed. It is found that cultural strategies characterizing nostalgia has become railway's new fate, but its work on development never disappears. It is only transformed and takes on a cultural new look. Still, as visions to put railways into the underground, elevate it as skyline, or re-develop its regional services into local ones that are liken to the metro dominate, reflections on development that such changes might bring also become ambiguous.