學前資優生提早入學制度之實施現況與檢討--由理論到實務的探討

State of the Art-Gifted Early Entrance in Taiwan, Theories and Practices

目前，我國25縣市，除金門縣、臺北市外，均已施行學前資優生提早入學制度。本研究對照國外的經驗與觀點，透過文獻分析與問卷調查，探討國內此項制度的實施現況與問題，以及改進的具體作法。在問卷調查方面，依照規劃執行涉及的面向，請教各縣市的承辦人員，並蒐集相關辦法與文件分析，必要時另透過電話訪問加以釐清。經過綜合分析，本研究有下列主要發現：(1)雖然本制度於法有據，並有相關文獻的立論基礎，但部分縣市對落實執行仍有顧慮；(2)執行上的困難以經費與人力不足為最，各縣市耗費了不少時間和精力來鑑定非資優兒童，需加強個別智力測驗前的篩選機制；(3)家長心態與社會觀念，對本制度的執行有一定程度的影響，如測驗工具被事先練習、民代壓力、落選的誤解或質疑等；面對家長，需要加強宣導與尊重；(4)鑑定的方式上，各縣市執行鑑定的嚴謹度仍有相當大的改進空間；程序上大致浮現三種模式，各有利弊，值得後續追蹤；在決定上偏重智力測驗成績，而社會適應與學習能力等方面的多元評估，需要更多的關注；(5)追蹤與輔導方面，各縣市投入的程度不一，也顯示該制度規劃的完備性，尚待加強。最後根據現況與問題，本研究對實務面與未來研究提出六項建議。

The gifted early entrance policy has been run in almost every county in Taiwan except Kim-meng County and Taipei City. By literature review and questionnaire research， researchers try to explore the status quo and problems of this policy running here on the Island. Further， researchers try to offer some useful recommendations for empowering the policy.　　The major findings of this study were as the following: (1)The attitude of whether for or against the policy of gifted early entrance is not consistent among the Local Education Agencies of the nation. (2)The most difficult problem of implementing the policy is the short of expenditure and human resource. Owing to the large amount of the applicants， LEAs have to take a lot of time to screen and identify those who are rally gifted. (3)The attitude the parents hold would affect the implementation of the policy. For example， they would let their candidate child exercise assessment materials in advance ; once the child is not identified gifted， parents would hold doubt toward the fairness of the assessment process. (4)The assessment process is not consistent among LEAs， some put more emphasis on IQ test than social adjustment and learning abilities， the others do not. (5)The follow-up guidance for the identified gifted students is not thoroughly implemented among LEAs across the nation. Some suggestions were proposed for facilitating the implementation of the policy.