臨床倫理諮詢之理論與實務

臨床倫理諮詢（Clinical ethics consultation）自60 年代末期在北美開始發展，迄今約有四十多年的歷史，台灣約於2000 年開始發展臨床倫理，各醫學中心及區域醫院大多已設立醫學倫理委員會。近年來由於醫院評鑑的要求，臨床倫理諮詢也開始受到關注。本文介紹臨床倫理諮詢之發展、目標、類型、步驟及技能，列舉美加兩成功實例說明，並回顧台灣目前臨床倫理發展之現況與挑戰。期能對我國臨床倫理諮詢之發展有所幫助。

Clinical ethics consultation has been developed in North American since the late sixties for the past 40 years. Taiwan has started to develop clinical ethics since around 2000. Most academic medical centers and regional hospitals have established their medical ethics committees. Under the facilitation of hospital accreditation standard, clinical ethics consultation is also emphasized in recent years. This paper introduces the development, goals, models, processes, and skills of clinical ethics consultation, and raises two successful cases from the US and Canada, and then reflects upon the recent development of clinical ethics and consultation in Taiwan and the challenges it will face. It is hoped that this paper can be helpful for the development of ethics consultation in Taiwan.