揭露的緊張：博物館科學展示的想像與神話化

Tensions Exposed: Myth and Social Imagination of Scientific Exhibitions in Science Museums

科學展示的目的通常在於展示科學家的成就，遵從著科學典範來傳達單一、標準、「正確」科學知識，並呈現出一種「揭露了大自然真理」的姿態。科學博物館中的展示透過「多層次想像」、「異質綜合性地去脈絡化」、及種種「神話原型」概念，落實於「典範式展示」、「詮釋式展示」、及「權力式展示」等樣態，除掉科學發展中種種人為、利益、政治、文化等因素，才能呈現出科學單純、簡潔、完美的風貌。正是這般的黑箱化（black-boxing），才使科學知識以破除神話之名，形塑自身為新的神話。揭露博物館科學展示的「神話化」歷程，是希望科學博物館能脫離單一性、霸權式的展示方式，從而開展出具前瞻性、「社會良知」和多元辯證意涵的科學展示。

Scientific exhibitions usually aim at presenting the achievements of great scientists, with an assumption of ’exposing the truths of the nature.’ Following the current scientific paradigm, they deliver the so-call standard and accurate knowledge to their audience. By playing the sleigh of hands of ’multi-level imaginations,’ ’heterogeneous decontextualization,’ and ’mythological archetypes,’ scientific exhibitions in science museums employ the techniques of ’paradigm display,’ ’interpretation display,’ and ’power display’ to erase the socio-political aspects of scientific activities, in order to present a pure, clean, and perfect image of science. Through this process of black-boxing, science become a new myth in the name of de-mythologizing nature. This paper examines how science become a new myth with the help of science exhibitions, in the hope of dissuading science museums away from the uniform and hegemonies fashion of display so as to provide new possibilities for multiple dialectic exhibitions with foresight and social consciousness.