由屋舍、方位、席次論⋘紅樓夢⋙中榮寧府宅的空間文化

A New Interpretation on the Spatial Culture of the Rong and Ning Mansions in the Dream of the Red Chamber

本文從賈府宅第的建築布局，與宴飲集會等人際活動中對方位、席次的安排，深入分析此種用以表現倫理精神的「人為場所」所蘊含的文化意義，由此探測到其空間組織形式中禮制與人情對比而共生的複雜表述。本研究的成果顯示，在府第居宅此種彰顯禮制的宇宙式建築，以及宴飲集會等儀式場合的方位、席次上，主要是以東／西、上／下的空間語彙體現尊卑差序的倫理意涵；但其中卻也容許情感流動所造成的越位與融合，導致身體距離的親近與座位差序的弭平，由此乃清楚浮顯了若干流動於主僕之間獨特的間性人物，而座次調配升降的空間角力，更體現了各階層成員之間幽微複雜的權力爭鬥。

This article analyzes the architecture arrangements of the Rong and Ning mansions, and the seat allocations of the symposiums in the mansions, to reveal the cultural meanings and ethic spirit wherein. The architecture arrangements is a cosmic architecture reflecting patriarchal clan system and etiquette. The seat allocations of symposiums and meetings also mainly reflect rank (noble/base) and blood (close/distant), through the differentiation of east/west and high/low orientations. Nevertheless, feelings and favors sometimes intervene to transgress the arrangements according to rank and blood. Such transgression, in some critical moments, reveals subtle power competitions between participants. Thus, the spatial organization in The Dream of the Red Chamber tells a complex narrative of etiquette and human favors.