台灣坡地防災教育融入國小課程之研究

Study of Infusing Slope Land Disaster Prevention Education into the Elementary School Curriculum in Taiwan

本研究旨在探討坡地防災教育如何融入台灣國小教育的課程體系。採用教科書調查、田野調查以及深度訪談以掌握台灣國小防災教育的實施情形。研究結果歸納如下：（1）本研究將國內國小課程架構由下而上依序分為基本學力、知識習得以及技能應用等三個階段；（2）國內國小教育的災害與防災學習內容隸屬安全教育範疇，以五大知識要素（環境認識與調查、安全且正確之行為、政府在災害預防與應變之做法、資訊收集與傳達及自然現象之認知）配置於國小安全教育課程內容中；（3）受訪國小防災教育的實施具地區差異性--帄地國小以防火與防震教育為主，山地國小除火災與防震之外，更頇加強坡地及颱洪災害的防範；以及（4）目前國內國小防災教育的實施成效未彰，亟待相關單位的關注與努力。最後，本研究提出能兼顧國小課程系統性與統整性的坡地防災教育架構及內容建議，作為教育相關決策單位推動坡地防災教育融入國小教育課程的參考，期能在落實國內防災教育上有拋磚引玉之效。文末亦對未來可行之後續研究提出具體建議。

The purpose of this study is to infuse the slope land disaster prevention education into the elementary school curriculum in Taiwan. The study applied textbook analysis, field work and in-depth interview to investigate the current status of disaster prevention education in Taiwan's elementary schools. We obtained the following findings: (1) the curriculum structure for Taiwan's elementary education can be consisted of three stages: the basic intellect development, the knowledge acquisition and the skills application; (2) the content of disaster prevention education is arranged as five concepts related to safety education in the elementary school curriculum (environmental awareness and investigation; safe and proper behavior; the way that government prevents and responds to disasters; information collection and transmission; recognition of natural phenomenon); (3) disaster prevention education in elementary schools has geographic characteristics. For schools in the urban area, fire and earthquake prevention education are practiced; however, for schools in the rural area, slope land disaster, typhoon and flood prevention education should be enhanced in addition to fire and earthquake prevention education; and (4) current practice on disaster prevention education in Taiwan's elementary schools is not carried out effectively. Special concerns and efforts are critically needed from the associated organizations. Base on the findings, this paper proposes an integration of systematic and completed slope land disaster prevention for the elementary school curriculum development in Taiwan. Advice for further research on disaster prevention education is also provided.